ABSTRACT
Background: Infection Prevention and Control practices are required to manage COVID-19 and Lassa fever (LF). We aimed to assess COVID-19 and LF risk perception and knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards prevention among doctors and nurses in a treatment centre in Ondo State, Nigeria.
Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. We computed KAP scores with ‘‘+1’’ for correct response and ‘‘0’’ for incorrect response. Cumulative scores >80% implied good KAP of LF and COVID-19. Chi-square test was used to assess associations between sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19 and LF KAP. P-values<0.05 were statistically significant.
Result: The mean age of respondents was 37.81±8.46 years. Risk perception scores were 2.82±0.53 for LF and 2.76±0.58 for COVID-19 (p=0.002). Mean overall knowledge scores towards prevention were 18.48±2.08 for LF and 15.59±3.22 for COVID-19 (p<0.001). Practices towards prevention scores were 18.18±2.27 for LF and 15.89±1.47 for COVID-19 (p<0.001). Concerning LF, 72.8% of doctors had good knowledge of prevention compared to 42.9% nurses (p<0.001), 18.3% of doctors had good attitude to LF prevention compared to 27.2% nurses (p=0.039). Also, 84.8% nurses had good LF preventive practices compared to doctors (64.5%) (p<0.001). A strong positive correlation (r=0.72) existed between COVID-19 and LF risk perception (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Continuous on-the- job trainings are needed among doctors and nurses in LF and COVID-19 treatment centres.
Keywords: Coronavirus, Lassa fever, COVID-19 knowledge, Lassa fever knowledge, COVID-19 attitude and practices, Lassa
fever attitude and practices.