KNOWLEDGE, RISK PERCEPTION AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES OF COVID-19 AMONG STAFF OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

June 9, 2019

Authors

T. Dahiru1, H. Bello-Manga2, K.L. Hamza1, Z.K. Muhammad-Idris3, A.M. Zakari4, O.T. Ayodeji5, S. Joseph6, A. Yahaya7, S.G. Ishaku8, J. Ejembi9, H. Sani2, E. Garry6, B. Mohammed6, D.S. Emmanuel10, P. Unung11 .B. Tijjani12, Z.O. Tijani13, S. Kase14, H. Bello12, A.T. Usman12 and A. John12
.

Correspondents

Prof. Tukur Dahiru
Dept. of Community Medicine,
Ahamdu Bello University,
Zaria
Email: tukurdahiru2012@mail.com

Affiliation of Authors

Department of Community Medicine, Ahamdu Bello University, Zaria
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
Department of Community Medicine, Kaduna State University, Kaduna
Ministry of Health, Kaduna, Kaduna State
Department of Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Department of Health Planning, Research and Statistics, Ministry of Health, Kaduna State
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
World Health Organization, Kaduna
Department of Medical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Health Secretary, Giwa LGHA, Kaduna State
National Eye Center, Kaduna.
Kaduna State AIDS Control Agency, Kaduna
Department of Family Medicine, 44 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Kaduna
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Kaduna State is among the three States with the highest number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, risk perception and practices of staff towards prevention and control of COVID-19 infection in schools to provide policy makers, education and health managers required information to manage the epidemic as the schools prepare to re-open.

Methods : This was a school-based survey conducted using purposive sampling of 55 schools located in nine LGAs with the highest number of reported COVID- 19 cases as at October 2020. Five schools with the highest students’/pupils’ enrollment in each of the LGA were selected and all staff were interviewed. Information on knowledge, risk perception and practices of prevention was collected. Descriptive statistics were generated using Stata v14 software.

Results: A total of 1065 staff in 55 schools completed the interview. Major sources of information are television (73%), radio (61%), and social media (57%); and 76% indicated that a virus is the causative agent of COVID-19. Overall, 70%, 19%, 7%, 9.3% and 0% respectively had adequate knowledge of cause, preventive measures, respiratory hygiene, modes of transmission and symptoms of COVID-19; however only 14% ever attended a workshop on COVID-19. Eighty-two percent and 89% respectively believed in the efficacy of face masks and handwashing as means of prevention; 39% thought that they are likely to contract COVID-19. Ninety-nine percent and 90% have ever used face mask and hand sanitizer to prevent COVID-19; 96% and 85% respectively have use these methods in previous 24hours. Between 42% and 73% of schools needed additional commodities/requirements/supplies to comply fully with COVID- 19 prevention protocols.

Conclusion : While knowledge of COVID-19 is suboptimal, perception is positive and practice is high. Thus, teachers need to be well informed and encouraged to sustain current levels of preventive measures. Government needs to provide schools with adequate preventive commodities to ensure compliance.

Keywords: COVID-19, Knowledge, Perception, Prevention, Staff School, Kaduna

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