Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine (AIPM) was primarily borne out of concern that most resident doctors in the country did not attach adequate importance to research and publications during their training as residents. The correct observation that most residents could care less about academic publications and research efforts outside their Part II dissertation provoked a desire in 1999 to create a medium that would arouse this publication consciousness and allow for dissemination of scientific findings and information. The ultimate objective was to create an opportunity for resident doctors to be groomed in the art of scientific writing and publications, a task that would continually be required of them after their specialist training, especially if they practice in academic institutions.

There is no doubt that the University College Hospital Ibadan has maintained a lead in every aspect of medical science and that almost all advances in training and practice in Nigeria have originated within the walls of this great hospital. The hospital is one of the most prestigious pearls of the pace-setter state and has remained the pride of the Nation in specialist health care. In the same stride, establishing a Journal of this repute by Resident Doctors also started from this Centre of Excellence. Several Executive Councils Between 1995 and 2002 discussed and mooted the need for a journal of the Association of Resident Doctors, University College Hospital, Ibadan and in 2003, Dr W. O. Balogun who was the Publicity Secretary worked hard and laid solid framework for the processes that was launched on 12^th December 2003 as the Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine. The first publication of the journal was also made in December 2003, with Dr. W.O. Balogun as the Pioneer Editor-in-Chief.

Over the years, successive Editorial Board members of the journal have improved year upon year, the processes, functionality and the quality of the Journal. The Journal which is an open access journal, engages a rigorous peer review process of manuscripts submitted to it, and an elaborate copy editing and publishing process. The Journal which was initially published at least twice a year since its inception, has moved on to publishing at least thrice yearly since 2023. The Journal has also produced three special editions, in 2020 (Cleft Edition), 2021 (COVID-19 Edition) and 2023 (20^th Anniversary Edition) respectively.

The Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine have also achieved indexing on high-profile bibliographic indexing platforms. The Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine was indexed on African Index Medicus in 2005, on African Journal Online (AJOL) in 2006, and on PubMed from June 2007. All indexing are maintained till date. The recent re-assessment of the AIPM journal in 2023 by AJOL showed the journal had 1 star Journal Publishing Practices and Standard (tier 4) rating.